ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﺭﺍﯾﺞ ﺩﺭ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﯿﺴﯽ
ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﺭﺍﯾﺞ ﺩﺭ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﯿﺴﯽ
Each ﻭ every
She gave an apple to every of the children . ﻏﻠﻂ
She gave an apple to each of the children . ﺻﺤﯿﺢ
Each ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺩﻭ ﯾﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﭼﯿﺰ ﯾﺎ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ Every
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﭼﯿﺰ ﯾﺎ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮﺩ. ﺩﺭ every ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ
ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﻟﯽ ﺩﺭ each ﺗﮏ ﺗﮏ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ.
His and her
Ali aunt every Sunday . ﻏﻠﻂ
Ali aunt every Sunday . ﺻﺤﯿﺢ
ﭼﻮﻥ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺿﻤﯿﺮ، Ali ﺍﺳﺖ ﭘﺲ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺍﺯ his ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﮐﻨﯿﻢ ﮐﻪ ﯾﮏ ﺿﻤﯿﺮ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ
ﺑﻪ ﻣﺬﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﯼ Ali ﯾﮏ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻮﻧﺚ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﯿﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺯ her ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ
ﻣﯽﮐﺮﺩﯾﻢ.
A and an
A egg ﻏﻠﻂ
An egg ﺻﺤﯿﺢ
ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻭﻟﯿﻦ ﺣﺮﻑ ﯾﮏ ﮐﻠﻤﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺻﺪﺍﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺍﺯ an ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﯿﻢ.
A and one
Ali found one ring in the street . ﻏﻠﻂ
Ali found a ring in the street . ﺻﺤﯿﺢ
ﺍﺯ one ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﯿﻢ ﮐﻪ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ :
He gave me one book instead of two .( ﺍﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﯼ ﺩﻭ ﮐﺘﺎﺏ، ﯾﮏ ﮐﺘﺎﺏ
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺍﺩ .)
Some and any
There aren’t some books on the shelf . ﻏﻠﻂ
There aren’t any books on the shelf . ﺻﺤﯿﺢ
ﺍﺯ some ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻤﻼﺕ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﺩ. ﺍﺯ any ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻤﻼﺕ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﻭ
ﺳﻮﺍﻟﯽ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﺩ. ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻬﺎ :
She has some books .
He did not buy any food .
Did you buy any food ?
House and home
You should go to your house now . ﻏﻠﻂ
You should go to your home now . ﺻﺤﯿﺢ
House ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ
home ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻓﺮﺩ ﯾﺎ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﯼ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ.
Home ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺸﻮﺭ ﻓﺮﺩ ( ﻭﻃﻦ) ﻫﻢ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﺜﺎﻝ:
I’m going homeEngland )
Game and play
They had a nice play of football . ﻏﻠﻂ
They had a nice game of football . ﺻﺤﯿﺢ
Play ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯼ ﺳﺮﮔﺮﻣﯽ ﻭ ﺗﻔﺮﯾﺢ ﻣﯽﺩﻫﺪ. ﺩﺭ ﺍﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺍﺯ game ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ
ﮐﺮﺩ.
Woman and wife
The man saw his woman in the street . ﻏﻠﻂ
The man saw his wife in the street . ﺻﺤﯿﺢ
ﺩﺭ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﯿﺴﯽ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺁﺷﮑﺎﺭﯼ ﺑﯿﻦ wife ﻭ Woman ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ Wife. ﺯﻧﯽ ﺍﺳﺖ
ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮﺩﯼ ﺍﺯﺩﻭﺍﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﮐﻨﻮﻥ ﻫﻤﺴﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﮐﻠﻤﻪ woman ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯿﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ.
Hair
The man has long hairs . ﻏﻠﻂ
The man has long hair . ﺻﺤﯿﺢ
ﺩﺭ ﺍﯾﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ ﻧﻤﯽﺗﻮﺍﻧﯿﻢ ﮐﻠﻤﻪ hair ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﮐﻨﯿﻢ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﯾﮏ ﺍﺳﻢ
ﻏﯿﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺵ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﺩ. ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﯾﮏ ﯾﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
ﻣﯽﺗﻮﺍﻧﯿﻢ ﺍﯾﻦ ﮐﻠﻤﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﯾﻢ. ﻣﺜﺎﻝ :
I found two long hairs in my food .
Country
I spend my holidays in a country . ( ﻏﻠﻂ)
I spend my holidays in the country . ( ﺻﺤﯿﺢ )
ﮐﻠﻤﻪ country ﺍﮔﺮ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ a ﺑﯿﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯼ ﮐﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﯾﻦ ﮐﻠﻤﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ
the ﺑﯿﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯼ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻬﺮ ( ﯾﯿﻼﻕ ) ﺍﺳﺖ
Fish
Yesterday we had fishes for dinner . ﻏﻠﻂ
Yesterday we had fish for dinner . ﺻﺤﯿﺢ
Fish ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻏﺬﺍ ﯾﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺯﯾﺎﺩ ﻫﻤﯿﺸﻪ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻤﯽﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺟﻤﻊ
ﺑﺴﺖ .
ﺑﻨﺪﺭﺕ، ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﮑﯽ ﯾﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﮐﻢ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺟﻤﻊ
ﻣﯽﺑﻨﺪﯾﻢ.
I caught three small fishes .
ﻣﻦ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﻮﭼﮏ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻢ.
Money
All her money are kept in the bank . ﻏﻠﻂ
All her money is kept in the bank . ﺻﺤﯿﺢ
Money ﯾﮏ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺵ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻤﯿﺸﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮﺩ .
News
I’m glad that the news good . ﻏﻠﻂ
I’m glad that the news is good . ﺻﺤﯿﺢ
News ﺑﺎ ﺍﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭﻟﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﯿﻘﺖ ﯾﮏ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺵ
ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺎﻣﯽ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺵ ﻫﻤﯿﺸﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮ ﺍﯾﻦ news ﻫﻤﯿﺸﻪ
ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮﺩ.
This and That
This errors are sometimes made by people . ﻏﻠﻂ
These errors are sometimes made by people . ﺻﺤﯿﺢ
ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ، ﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺻﻔﺖ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺁﻥ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.